Did you know that the famous mathematician Pythagoras is credited with the Pythagorean theorem, which states that in a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides? This theorem is used in geometry to calculate the length of the sides of a right triangle. Another renowned mathematician, Euclid, is often referred to as the father of geometry for his groundbreaking work in the field. His most famous work, Elements, is a compilation of all known mathematical knowledge of his time and serves as the basis for modern geometry. Moving on to more recent times, the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan made significant contributions to number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, despite having almost no formal training in mathematics. Ramanujan's work continues to inspire mathematicians worldwide, and his insights have led to breakthroughs in various areas of mathematics. Lastly, the brilliant mind of Sir Isaac Newton revolutionized mathematics and physics with his laws of motion and universal gravitation. Newton's mathematical work laid the foundation for classical mechanics and calculus and has had a lasting impact on scientific thought. These famous mathematicians have left an indelible mark on the world of mathematics and continue to influence the way we understand the complexities of numbers and shapes.