The Common challenges in supply chain management include:Demand Forecasting: Accurately predicting customer demand is difficult, leading to issues like overstocking or stockouts.Supply Chain Visibility: Lack of transparency across the supply chain makes it hard to monitor the flow of goods, inventory levels, and potential disruptions.Supplier Reliability: Dependence on suppliers who may face their own disruptions or fail to meet delivery deadlines can impact the entire chain.Inventory Management: Balancing inventory levels to avoid excess stock or shortages can be complex, especially with fluctuating demand.Cost Control: Rising costs of raw materials, labor, and transportation can strain budgets and reduce profitability.Globalization and Geopolitical Risks: Global supply chains are vulnerable to political instability, tariffs, and currency fluctuations.Technology Integration: Implementing and integrating new technologies (such as automation, AI, or blockchain) with legacy systems can be time-consuming and costly.Sustainability: Increasing pressure to make supply chains more eco-friendly, which often requires changes in sourcing, transportation, and waste management.Risk Management: Identifying and mitigating risks like natural disasters, economic downturns, or cyber-attacks can be challenging without effective risk management strategies.Customer Expectations: With the rise of e-commerce, customers expect faster deliveries and greater flexibility, putting pressure on logistics and distribution systems.These challenges require strategic planning, strong partnerships, and flexible operations to ensure smooth supply chain management.